ORM stands for Object Relational Mapping. It is a programming technique used to convert different types of data into objects and vice versa.

There are two types of ORM:

Converts different types of data into objects.
Converts objects to various types of data.

In Magento, ORM stands for Object-Relational Mapping. It’s a programming technique used to convert data between incompatible systems in object-oriented programming languages. In Magento, ORM plays a crucial role in managing the interaction between PHP objects and the underlying database tables.

Here’s how ORM works in Magento:

Entity-Attribute-Value (EAV) Model: Magento extensively uses the EAV model to store data. This model allows for flexible and dynamic data structures by storing attributes in separate tables and linking them to entity tables.
Models: In Magento, ORM is primarily implemented through models. Models represent business entities such as products, customers, orders, etc. Each model is associated with a database table or set of tables and provides methods to interact with the database.
Resource Models: Resource models act as intermediaries between models and the database. They handle database operations such as CRUD (Create, Read, Update, Delete) operations, data validation, and query construction.
Collections: Collections in Magento are used to fetch multiple objects of the same type from the database. They provide methods to filter, sort, and limit the result set, making it easy to retrieve data based on specific criteria.
Mappers: Mappers are used to map database records to objects and vice versa. They provide a layer of abstraction that allows developers to work with objects without directly dealing with database queries.

Overall, ORM in Magento simplifies database interactions by abstracting away the complexities of SQL queries and providing a more intuitive and object-oriented approach to data management. It promotes code reusability, maintainability, and scalability in Magento applications.