Globalization is designing and coding culture-neutral and language-neutral applications. Localization is customizing the application and translating the UI based on specific cultures and regions.

In the context of .NET development, globalization and localization refer to two essential concepts for creating applications that can be used by people from different cultural and linguistic backgrounds:

Globalization: Globalization is the process of designing and developing software applications that can function across different cultures, regions, and languages without requiring modification. In .NET, this involves creating applications that are capable of handling different character sets, date and time formats, currency formats, and other cultural conventions. Globalization ensures that your application can be used by people from various parts of the world without encountering compatibility issues.
Localization: Localization is the process of adapting a globalized application to a specific target market or locale. It involves customizing the application’s content, user interface elements, and functionality to suit the preferences and requirements of a particular region or culture. This may include translating text, adjusting date and time formats, converting currency, and adapting other aspects of the application to align with the linguistic and cultural expectations of the target audience.

In summary, globalization focuses on making applications culturally neutral and adaptable to different environments, while localization involves tailoring applications to specific languages, regions, and cultural contexts. Both globalization and localization are crucial for ensuring that software applications are accessible and user-friendly for diverse audiences around the world.